US passport photo requirements
The US Department of State asks for a colour photo, 2 × 2 inches in size, taken in the last six months. Your full face must be visible, looking straight at the camera with a neutral expression or a natural smile and both eyes open. The background must be plain white or off-white, with no shadows on your face or behind you.
The head must measure between 1 inch and 1⅜ inches (25 to 35 mm) from the bottom of the chin to the top of the head, including hair. In practice this means your head fills roughly half to two-thirds of the photo’s height. A photo where the head is too small – the most common mistake with self-taken photos – is rejected even if everything else is right.
Glasses are not allowed. Hats and head coverings are only allowed for religious or medical reasons, with a signed statement, and must not cast shadows on the face. Headphones and wireless earbuds must be removed.
Using the photo
For a paper application (form DS-11 or a renewal by mail on DS-82) you need one printed photo. Order the 4 × 6 inch print sheet at a drugstore or photo lab – ask for a standard print, not a passport photo service – and cut one photo out along the grey lines. The six copies give you spares for visas or other documents. The photo must be on matte or glossy photo paper; a photo printed on plain office paper is not accepted.
Online passport renewal asks for a digital file instead: a square JPEG between 600 × 600 and 1200 × 1200 pixels. Upload the digital photo created here. Applying for a visa rather than a passport? The DS-160 visa form and the Diversity Visa lottery also limit the file to 240 KB, so use the US visa photo page, which keeps the file under that limit for you.
Tips for a photo taken at home
Have someone else take the photo from about four feet away, with the camera at your eye level. Face a window for soft, even light and avoid the flash, which causes glare and red eyes. Wear normal everyday clothes – uniforms and camouflage are not allowed – and avoid white tops that blend into the background. Photos from an iPhone in HEIC format can be added directly.